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2024, Vol: 14, Issue: 4
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Research Article 


Colorimetric Assays as the Diagnostic Modality of Pulmonary and Extra-pulmonary Tuberculosis in Resource-limited Settings

Gulnaz Bashir, Tufail Ahmed, Abroo Naqash, Bashir Fomda, Insha Altaf, Sofia Zaffar.


Cited By:1

Abstract
Objectives: Diagnosis of tuberculosis (TB) is challenging, especially in a resource-limited setting. Non-commercial alternatives such as colorimetric assays must be used for effective diagnosis and prompt treatment. In this study we aimed to determine the diagnostic performance, time to detection, cost, contamination rate, and ease of performance of the oxidation-reduction assays; Resazurin tube assay (RETA) and Malachite Green decolorization assay (MGDA) and their modifications using para-nitro benzoic acid (PNB) for detection of TB against the results on Lowenstein-Jensen medium (LJ) medium.
Methods: Two-hundred-seventeen samples were subjected to colorimetric assays by incubating the inoculated media at 370C. Dyes were added on days 10, 14, 18, 28, and 42 days of incubation, and color change was noted after 24 hours and was compared with results on the LJ medium.
Results: Diagnostic performance of colorimetric assays increased from day 10 to day 28 (maximum at day 28), while it was the same on days 28 and 42. The sensitivity, specificity, and diagnostic accuracy of RETA were 87.6%, 95.7%, and 88.6%, while that of MGDA were 81.7%, 95.5%, and 86.5%, respectively. On day 18, more than 51% of the samples were positive by colorimetric assays, whereas only 20.4% were positive by LJ culture. In addition, the colorimetric assays were as economical as LJ culture.
Conclusion: Colorimetric methods can potentially become non-commercial alternatives for rapidly detecting Mycobacterium. tuberculosis, especially in TB laboratories with limited resources. The ease of interpreting the results and its cost-effectiveness is an additional advantage. J Microbiol Infect Dis 2022; 12(3):108-115.

Key words: Mycobacterium tuberculosis, colorimetric assays, LJ culture, malachite green, resazurin


 
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How to Cite this Article
Pubmed Style

Bashir G, Ahmed T, Naqash A, Fomda B, Altaf I, Zaffar S. Colorimetric Assays as the Diagnostic Modality of Pulmonary and Extra-pulmonary Tuberculosis in Resource-limited Settings. J Microbiol Infect Dis. 2022; 12(3): 108-115 . doi:10.5799/jmid.1176534

Web Style

Bashir G, Ahmed T, Naqash A, Fomda B, Altaf I, Zaffar S. Colorimetric Assays as the Diagnostic Modality of Pulmonary and Extra-pulmonary Tuberculosis in Resource-limited Settings. https://www.jmidonline.org/?mno=302657043 [Access: January 09, 2025]. doi:10.5799/jmid.1176534

AMA (American Medical Association) Style

Bashir G, Ahmed T, Naqash A, Fomda B, Altaf I, Zaffar S. Colorimetric Assays as the Diagnostic Modality of Pulmonary and Extra-pulmonary Tuberculosis in Resource-limited Settings. J Microbiol Infect Dis. 2022; 12(3): 108-115 . doi:10.5799/jmid.1176534


Vancouver/ICMJE Style

Bashir G, Ahmed T, Naqash A, Fomda B, Altaf I, Zaffar S. Colorimetric Assays as the Diagnostic Modality of Pulmonary and Extra-pulmonary Tuberculosis in Resource-limited Settings. J Microbiol Infect Dis. (2022), [cited January 09, 2025]; 12(3): 108-115 . doi:10.5799/jmid.1176534


Harvard Style

Bashir, G., Ahmed, . T., Naqash, . A., Fomda, . B., Altaf, . I. & Zaffar, . S. (2022) Colorimetric Assays as the Diagnostic Modality of Pulmonary and Extra-pulmonary Tuberculosis in Resource-limited Settings. J Microbiol Infect Dis, 12 (3), 108-115 . doi:10.5799/jmid.1176534


Turabian Style

Bashir, Gulnaz, Tufail Ahmed, Abroo Naqash, Bashir Fomda, Insha Altaf, and Sofia Zaffar. 2022. Colorimetric Assays as the Diagnostic Modality of Pulmonary and Extra-pulmonary Tuberculosis in Resource-limited Settings. Journal of Microbiology and Infectious Diseases, 12 (3), 108-115 . doi:10.5799/jmid.1176534


Chicago Style

Bashir, Gulnaz, Tufail Ahmed, Abroo Naqash, Bashir Fomda, Insha Altaf, and Sofia Zaffar. "Colorimetric Assays as the Diagnostic Modality of Pulmonary and Extra-pulmonary Tuberculosis in Resource-limited Settings." Journal of Microbiology and Infectious Diseases 12 (2022), 108-115 . doi:10.5799/jmid.1176534


MLA (The Modern Language Association) Style

Bashir, Gulnaz, Tufail Ahmed, Abroo Naqash, Bashir Fomda, Insha Altaf, and Sofia Zaffar. "Colorimetric Assays as the Diagnostic Modality of Pulmonary and Extra-pulmonary Tuberculosis in Resource-limited Settings." Journal of Microbiology and Infectious Diseases 12.3 (2022), 108-115 . Print. doi:10.5799/jmid.1176534


APA (American Psychological Association) Style

Bashir, G., Ahmed, . T., Naqash, . A., Fomda, . B., Altaf, . I. & Zaffar, . S. (2022) Colorimetric Assays as the Diagnostic Modality of Pulmonary and Extra-pulmonary Tuberculosis in Resource-limited Settings. Journal of Microbiology and Infectious Diseases, 12 (3), 108-115 . doi:10.5799/jmid.1176534


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